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BEST IELTS General Reading Test 483
IELTS GENERAL READING TEST 483 – PASSAGE – 3
IELTS GENERAL READING TEST – 483
READING PASSAGE – 3
The French Revolution
A. The French Revolution was a period of widespread social and political chaos in France and its colonies start in 1789. The Revolution overthrew the monarchy, recognized a republic, catalysed violent periods of political chaos, and lastly decided in a dictatorship under Napoleon who brought many of its principles to areas he occupied in Western Europe and beyond.
Enthused by liberal and sweeping ideas, the Revolution made a considerate imprint on the course of modern history, generating the global weakening of absolute monarchies while substituting them with republics and liberal democracies. Through the Revolutionary Wars, it unleashed a wave of global wars that extended from the Caribbean to the Middle East. Historians widely regard the Revolution as one of the most vital events in human history.
IELTS General Reading Test
B. The reasons of the French Revolution are complex and are still argued among historians. Following the Seven Years’ War and the American Revolutionary War, the French government was intensely in debt. It attempted to reinstate its financial status through unpopular taxation schemes, which were severely regressive. Leading up to the Revolution, years of wicked yields worsened by deregulation of the grain industry and environmental problems also reddened extensive bitterness of the privileges relished by the aristocracy and the Catholic clergy of the established church.
Some historians hold somewhat like what Thomas Jefferson stated: that France had “been roused by our [American] Revolution.” Demands modification were framed in terms for of Enlightenment ideals and donated to the convocation of the Estates General in May 1789. During the first year of the Revolution, members of the Third Estate (commoners) took control, the Bastille was condemned in July, the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen was approved in August, and the Women’s March on Versailles enforced the royal court back to Paris in October.
A central event of the initial stage, in August 1789, was the elimination of feudalism and the ancient rules and rights left over from the Early Regime.
IELTS General Reading Test
C. The following few years presented political brawls between numerous liberal assemblies and right-wing supporters of the monarchy determined on thwarting major reforms. The Republic was declared in September 1792 after the French victory at Valmy. In a historic event that led to international condemnation, Louis XVI was accomplished in January 1793.
D. External fears closely formed the course of the Revolution. The Revolutionary Wars started in 1792 ultimately included French victories that enabled the defeat of the Italian Peninsula, the Low Countries and most territories west of the Rhine – attainments that had escaped preceding French governments for periods. Within, prevalent agitation radicalised the Revolution expressively, concluding in the growth of Maximilien Robespierre and the Jacobins.
IELTS General Reading Test
The dictatorship levied by the Committee of Public Safety throughout the Reign of Terror, from 1793 till 1794, recognized price controls on food and other items, eliminated captivity in French colonies abroad, de-established the Catholic church (non-Christianised society) and formed a secular Republican calendar, religious leaders were excluded, and the borders of the new republic were protected from its opponents.
E. After the Thermidorian Reaction, an executive council identified as the Directory presumed control of the French state in 1795. They postponed elections, rejected debts (making financial variability in the process), mistreated the Catholic clergy, and made noteworthy military defeats abroad. Dogged by charges of corruption, the Directory distorted in a revolution controlled by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1799.
IELTS General Reading Test
Napoleon, who developed the lead of the Revolution through his prevalent military campaigns, recognized the Consulate and later the First Empire, setting the stage for a wider array of global conflicts in the Napoleonic Wars.
F. The current period has extended in the shadow of the French Revolution. Almost all forthcoming revolutionary movements looked back to the Revolution as their ancestor. Its central expressions and cultural ciphers, such as La Marseillaise and Liberté, fraternité, égalité, ou la mort, turn into the clarion call for other key disturbances in modern history, including the Russian Revolution over a century later.
IELTS General Reading Test
G. The values and institutions of the Revolution control French politics to this day. The Revolution caused in the conquest of the feudal system, emancipation of the individual, a greater division of landed property, elimination of the privileges of noble birth, and nominal establishment of equality among men. The French Revolution varied from other revolutions in being not only national, for it intended to benefit all humanity.
H. Globally, the Revolution enhanced the rise of republics and democracies. It became the pivotal point for the growth of most contemporary political ideologies, leading to the spread of liberalism, radicalism, nationalism, and secularism, among many others. The Revolution also observed the birth of total war by organising the resources of France and the lives of its citizens towards the objective of national defence. Some of its dominant documents, such as the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, sustained to motivate movements for abolitionism and universal suffrage in the next century. Which paragraph contains the following information?
IELTS General Reading Test
Questions 28-35
Write correct letter A-H in your answer sheet
NB you may use any letter more than once
28. Outside threats to the revolution.
29. Complications behind the motives of French Revolution.
30. Turbulent times in the society and politics of France.
31. New control of the French state.
32. Global effects of the revolution.
33. French revolution an example of forthcoming movements.
34. Political fights and major reforms.
35. Why French revolution was different from other revolutions.
IELTS General Reading Test
Questions 36-40
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the Reading Passage ?
YES – If the statement agrees with the claims of the writer
NO – If the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN – If it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
36. The reason why French revolution happened is quite clear.
37. The revolutionary wars started due to the American revolution.
38. The elections were postponed by the executive council.
39. Napoleon created the first empire.
40. More than a million people died during the French revolution.
IELTS General Reading Test
IELTS General Reading Test
ANSWERS
28. D
29. B
30. A
31. E
32. H
33. F
34. C
35. G
36. NO
37. NOT GIVEN
38. YES
39. YES
40. NOT GIVEN
IELTS General Reading Test